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Patronage is the least amount of blue-eyed political practice, usually synonymous with misconduct and incompetence. Citizens and development agencies have protested. Various studies show that qualification-based careers are associated with civil services, as adverse considerations, higher economic growth, lower corruption, and higher performance, such as Powerline Blog.
However, patronage, recruitment at the discretion of individuals in government positions, does not lead to the preference of incompetent recruiters when politicians search for qualifications and talents. At the end of the vote, a political candidate has the urge to look among the people he is aware of and therefore the brightest, for those who will guarantee the fulfillment of government power and the desired policy of his party.
Mayors elect members of the main quality team
The question, however, is what is the ultimate effect on patronage and the choice of the presidential staff. In an extensive survey conducted by Pedro Forcasato, Juan Carlos Gozi, and I, we found that at the time of the election, mayors of Brazilian municipalities cared for hired members of their political party, although a deeper civil service existed. We additionally see mayors using their discretionary power to appoint key party members within the municipal bureaucracy.
It goes against the general notion that prudent recruitment results in the selection of incompetent recruits and suggests that politicians value every loyalty and experience once recruited bureaucrats.
To find out the extent and implications of prudent recruitment in the public sector, we examined all municipalities in Brazil and analyzed recruitment before and through 2 civil authority positions, 2005-2008 and 2009-2012. Brazil is at the forefront of Latin American depth and professional civil services, with more than 70% of municipalities employing public-sector employees through formal, competitive, open entrance exams. At the end of the day, we need to see if there is an increase in the number of discretionary appointments of members of the winning organization.
To try to do this, we looked at closed elections, examining the use of party members in the public sector of the municipality to see. The party member rarely lost elections. In close elections, the winning and losing teams were almost identical in many respects, together with the number of team members. Who earned degrees in their education and merit level. We tend to eliminate those factors in order to explain the differences in recruitment. Between parties and to ensure the impact of electoral victory.
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The rate of recruitment of party members increases only after the election
We see that the recruitment of party members has increased since the party took office. The number of members of the winning party appointed by the local government was virtually 75% higher. Then the members of the rival party over the term of the civil authority. Moreover, a number of these effects have been tolerated: 3 years before the start of the administration of civil authority. When the number of members of the winning team in the papers was 20% higher.
Patronage, in short, was not only widespread. Its effects were lasting, allowing parties to reward loyal supporters with permanent jobs.
The senior hires of the winning team are higher
However, it has failed to reduce the quality of public sector workers. We see that lower-level recruitments from the winning team were of the same caliber as the losing team. And the remnants of wages from scrutiny wages and previous private-sector employment, senior recruitment was higher.
Most countries allow the right amount of prudent appointments for the presidency. The dilemma is whether such appointments result in the use of incompetent political hacks. Whether the success of qualified personnel depends on smart governance.
Like every other nation, Brazil has problems with local governance. However, our survey shows that the minimum amount of municipalities, responsible for 60% of total public-sector employment. Does not result in misconduct and incompetence as a result of prudent recruitment. The winners get a lot of loot: political parties will reward. Their supporters with jobs, perhaps working to maintain party structure and maintain internal cohesion. However by and large the regime continued to run smoothly.
